Antigenic and genotypic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus larval isolates from Egypt
Hala El-Sayed Abd El-Hafiz Shams El-Den;
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus is a re-emerging problem with great economic and medical impact in developing countries including Egypt and it was listed by WHO as one of the neglected tropical diseases.
E. granulosushas a number of intraspecific variants or strains which have been characterized bymorphological,biochemical, biological, developmental and molecular approaches. They were identified and classified by mitochondrial and nuclear markers into ten genotypes (G1to G10) namely E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (G1–G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) and Echinococcus canadensis (G6–G10)and the lion strain (Echinococcus felidis). These strains shows differences ingeographical distribution, host specificity, ecology, transmission dynamics, development rate, infectivity to human, antigenicity and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents.
Camels have been involved in the transmission cycle and the epidemiology of E. granulosus especially in rural communities where dogs (definitive host) are infected by ingestion of infected camel carcasses containing the hydatid cysts. However the most common strain infecting human was known to be G1, recent molecular characterization of human and animal isolates demonstrated the involvement of the camel G6 strain in causing human infection. To detect the specific strain in any endemic locality is a must to apply the most suitable control programmes.
CE is diagnosed by different methods;immunological and serological tests, radiological and by molecular techniques as PCRwhich showed high sensitivity and specificity.
Detection of circulating E. granulosusantibodies in patients’ sera remains the method of choice and showed greater sensitivity than detection of circulating antigens in diagnosis of CE.Standardization of techniques of antigen preparation and characterization of new antigens still needed in order to improve the immunodiagnosis of CE.
The present work aimed to study and compare the protein profile of HCF obtained from different Egyptian CEpatients as well as different livestock reservoir animals with identification of antigenic proteins. Moreover, probing HCF and patients' sera for the detection of the G1 or G6 genotype. This aims to identify new antigens, which may provide information about parasite survival strategies in the host and thus improving CE diagnosis, treatment and control.
E. granulosushas a number of intraspecific variants or strains which have been characterized bymorphological,biochemical, biological, developmental and molecular approaches. They were identified and classified by mitochondrial and nuclear markers into ten genotypes (G1to G10) namely E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (G1–G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) and Echinococcus canadensis (G6–G10)and the lion strain (Echinococcus felidis). These strains shows differences ingeographical distribution, host specificity, ecology, transmission dynamics, development rate, infectivity to human, antigenicity and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents.
Camels have been involved in the transmission cycle and the epidemiology of E. granulosus especially in rural communities where dogs (definitive host) are infected by ingestion of infected camel carcasses containing the hydatid cysts. However the most common strain infecting human was known to be G1, recent molecular characterization of human and animal isolates demonstrated the involvement of the camel G6 strain in causing human infection. To detect the specific strain in any endemic locality is a must to apply the most suitable control programmes.
CE is diagnosed by different methods;immunological and serological tests, radiological and by molecular techniques as PCRwhich showed high sensitivity and specificity.
Detection of circulating E. granulosusantibodies in patients’ sera remains the method of choice and showed greater sensitivity than detection of circulating antigens in diagnosis of CE.Standardization of techniques of antigen preparation and characterization of new antigens still needed in order to improve the immunodiagnosis of CE.
The present work aimed to study and compare the protein profile of HCF obtained from different Egyptian CEpatients as well as different livestock reservoir animals with identification of antigenic proteins. Moreover, probing HCF and patients' sera for the detection of the G1 or G6 genotype. This aims to identify new antigens, which may provide information about parasite survival strategies in the host and thus improving CE diagnosis, treatment and control.
Other data
| Title | Antigenic and genotypic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus larval isolates from Egypt | Other Titles | دراسه الانتيجينات والنمط الجينى للطور اليرقى للسلالات المختلفه لدوده المشوكه الحبيبيه (الايكينوكوكس جرانيلوساس) فى مصر | Authors | Hala El-Sayed Abd El-Hafiz Shams El-Den | Issue Date | 2015 |
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