STUDIES ON SCLEROTINIA DISEASES OF SUNFLOWER
MOHAMED MAHMOUD AHMED IBRAHIM;
Abstract
Sunflower is one of the most important oil crops in Egypt. Sunflower is attacked by various soil-borne diseases. Although Sclerotinia diseases of sunflower, caused by Sclerotinia scle rotiorum, are wide spreed world-wide, they had not recieved attention in Egypt until recently. Therefore, this study was initi ated since 1996 to investigate the nature of Sclerotinia diseases on sunflower and to evaluate various measures for controlling these diseases.
The results of the present study could be s_ummarized as follows:-
1. Two diseases, Sclerotinia wilt (referred also as basal stem rot) and Sclerotinia head rot, were recorded in autumn grown sunflower, mainly during the flowering stage. How ever middle stalk rot disease was occasionally observed.
2. The symptoms of wilt and head rot diseases were typical of those described by previous workers, and were expressed at time of budding till seed development stages.
3. In early summer growing season, the frequency of occur
rence of both diseases was very low and ranging from 1 to
3%. However, in autumn growing season, Sclerotinia wilt and head rot were distributed through the entire surveyed sunflower production areas in Egypt. Wilt incidence has ranged from 6.7% and 9.9o/o in 1996 and 1997, respectively, while head rot incidence ranged from 1.3 to 1.9% in 1996 and 1997, respectively.
4. Both diseases caused significant reduction in weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield per head and oil content. However, head rot caused higher yield loss than wilt.
The results of the present study could be s_ummarized as follows:-
1. Two diseases, Sclerotinia wilt (referred also as basal stem rot) and Sclerotinia head rot, were recorded in autumn grown sunflower, mainly during the flowering stage. How ever middle stalk rot disease was occasionally observed.
2. The symptoms of wilt and head rot diseases were typical of those described by previous workers, and were expressed at time of budding till seed development stages.
3. In early summer growing season, the frequency of occur
rence of both diseases was very low and ranging from 1 to
3%. However, in autumn growing season, Sclerotinia wilt and head rot were distributed through the entire surveyed sunflower production areas in Egypt. Wilt incidence has ranged from 6.7% and 9.9o/o in 1996 and 1997, respectively, while head rot incidence ranged from 1.3 to 1.9% in 1996 and 1997, respectively.
4. Both diseases caused significant reduction in weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield per head and oil content. However, head rot caused higher yield loss than wilt.
Other data
| Title | STUDIES ON SCLEROTINIA DISEASES OF SUNFLOWER | Other Titles | دراسات على امراض الأسكليروتينيا فى عباد الشمس | Authors | MOHAMED MAHMOUD AHMED IBRAHIM | Issue Date | 2000 |
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