Modern Photo Analytical Techniques for Assessment of Some Important Industrial Products.
Mona Nasser Mohamed Abou Omar;
Abstract
Aim of the work.
The studies presented in this thesis include novel analytical methods based on spectrofluorimetric techniques for determination of some active drug components (e.g. Lorazepam, Diazepam, Norepinephrine) and some important enzymes such as Xanthine Oxidase(XO) enzyme
This thesis contains five chapters:-
Chapter 1
This chapter includes general introduction of spectrofluorimetric techniques and some factor affecting on it, biological activity of Schiff base gold complexes, Some review of literature for the use of gold complexes as an optical sensors and a review for the previous methods used for determination of Xanthine Oxidase(XO) enzyme and some active drugs (e.g. Lorazepam, Diazepam, Norepinephrine)
Chapter 2
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Norepinephrine concentration was developed. Norepinephrine conc. can remarkably enhance the luminescence intensity of Azothizole (1.0x10-5 mol L−1) (photo probe) at λex = 290 nm in ethanol at pH 5.01 .The intensity of the emission band at 351 nm of Azothizole complex is increased due to the energy transfer from Norepinephrine to the photo probe in the excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent, and Interference in the detection of Norepinephrine was studied. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Azothizole with the Norepinephrine conc. at 351 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (1.0 x 10-5 - 4.4 x 10-8 mol L−1) with detection limit of (2.3× 10−8 mol L−1) . This method was used successfully for the determination of Norepinephrine in pharmaceutical formulation and serum samples with remarkably satisfactory results and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by the standard methods
Chapter 3
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Diazepam concentration is proposed. Diazipam concentration can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) at λex = 360 nm in dimethylformamide at pH 9.3 . The fluorescence intensity of these band decreases upon adding different concentration of Diazepam and these confirming the quenching of the energy of Au(III) complex in both ground and excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent and interference from other substances were critically investigated. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Au(III) complex with [1/ concentration of Diazepam] at 426 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (1 x 10-6 - 2.7 x 10-8 mol L−1)with detection limit of (1.2 x 10-8mol L−1). This method was used successfully for the determination of Diazepam in human urine and serum samples and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by other previously published methods
Chapter 4
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Lorazepam concentration was developed. Lorazepam conc. can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) at λex = 360 nm in dimethylformamide at pH 9.3 . The fluorescence intensity of these band decreases upon adding different concentration of Lorazepam and these confirming the quenching of the energy of Au(III) complex in both ground and excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent and foreign ions that control the fluorescence were critically investigated. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Au(III) complex with [1/ concentration of Lorazepam] at 422 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (3.7 x 10-6 – 4.6 x 10-8 mol L−1)with detection limit of (9.4x10-9mol L−1). This method was used successfully for the determination of Lorazepam in human urine and serum samples and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by other previously published methods.
Chapter 5
A new nano-optical sensor for Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) is described. This complex doped in sol gel matrix for assessment of Xanthine Oxidase(XO) activity in serum samples collected from healthy and patient persons. The optimal experimental conditions of working solvent, and foreign ions corresponding to maximum fluorescence intensity were investigated. Under optimal condition the remarkable quenching of the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex doped in sol gel matrix by various concentrations of the (UA) was successfully used as an optical sensor for the assessment of XO activity. A linear correlation was found between luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex at λem 423 nm and [1/ concentration of UA] in the concentration range (2x10-5-1.0x10-8)mol L-1 with a correlation coefficient (0.999) and a detection limit of (3.1 x 10-9) mol L−1. There is a significant correlation between the activity of the enzyme XO measured by the proposed and standard methods .This method proceeds without practical artifacts compared to the standard method and overcomes the difficulties caused by the previous methods.
The studies presented in this thesis include novel analytical methods based on spectrofluorimetric techniques for determination of some active drug components (e.g. Lorazepam, Diazepam, Norepinephrine) and some important enzymes such as Xanthine Oxidase(XO) enzyme
This thesis contains five chapters:-
Chapter 1
This chapter includes general introduction of spectrofluorimetric techniques and some factor affecting on it, biological activity of Schiff base gold complexes, Some review of literature for the use of gold complexes as an optical sensors and a review for the previous methods used for determination of Xanthine Oxidase(XO) enzyme and some active drugs (e.g. Lorazepam, Diazepam, Norepinephrine)
Chapter 2
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Norepinephrine concentration was developed. Norepinephrine conc. can remarkably enhance the luminescence intensity of Azothizole (1.0x10-5 mol L−1) (photo probe) at λex = 290 nm in ethanol at pH 5.01 .The intensity of the emission band at 351 nm of Azothizole complex is increased due to the energy transfer from Norepinephrine to the photo probe in the excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent, and Interference in the detection of Norepinephrine was studied. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Azothizole with the Norepinephrine conc. at 351 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (1.0 x 10-5 - 4.4 x 10-8 mol L−1) with detection limit of (2.3× 10−8 mol L−1) . This method was used successfully for the determination of Norepinephrine in pharmaceutical formulation and serum samples with remarkably satisfactory results and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by the standard methods
Chapter 3
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Diazepam concentration is proposed. Diazipam concentration can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) at λex = 360 nm in dimethylformamide at pH 9.3 . The fluorescence intensity of these band decreases upon adding different concentration of Diazepam and these confirming the quenching of the energy of Au(III) complex in both ground and excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent and interference from other substances were critically investigated. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Au(III) complex with [1/ concentration of Diazepam] at 426 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (1 x 10-6 - 2.7 x 10-8 mol L−1)with detection limit of (1.2 x 10-8mol L−1). This method was used successfully for the determination of Diazepam in human urine and serum samples and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by other previously published methods
Chapter 4
In this chapter a new, simple and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of Lorazepam concentration was developed. Lorazepam conc. can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) at λex = 360 nm in dimethylformamide at pH 9.3 . The fluorescence intensity of these band decreases upon adding different concentration of Lorazepam and these confirming the quenching of the energy of Au(III) complex in both ground and excited states. The effect of different parameters, e.g. pH, solvent and foreign ions that control the fluorescence were critically investigated. The calibration curve for the emission intensity of Au(III) complex with [1/ concentration of Lorazepam] at 422 nm shows a wide linear range of concentrations (3.7 x 10-6 – 4.6 x 10-8 mol L−1)with detection limit of (9.4x10-9mol L−1). This method was used successfully for the determination of Lorazepam in human urine and serum samples and shows good recovery, accuracy and precision compared by other previously published methods.
Chapter 5
A new nano-optical sensor for Au(III) complex (1.1x10-4 mol L−1 ) is described. This complex doped in sol gel matrix for assessment of Xanthine Oxidase(XO) activity in serum samples collected from healthy and patient persons. The optimal experimental conditions of working solvent, and foreign ions corresponding to maximum fluorescence intensity were investigated. Under optimal condition the remarkable quenching of the luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex doped in sol gel matrix by various concentrations of the (UA) was successfully used as an optical sensor for the assessment of XO activity. A linear correlation was found between luminescence intensity of Au(III) complex at λem 423 nm and [1/ concentration of UA] in the concentration range (2x10-5-1.0x10-8)mol L-1 with a correlation coefficient (0.999) and a detection limit of (3.1 x 10-9) mol L−1. There is a significant correlation between the activity of the enzyme XO measured by the proposed and standard methods .This method proceeds without practical artifacts compared to the standard method and overcomes the difficulties caused by the previous methods.
Other data
| Title | Modern Photo Analytical Techniques for Assessment of Some Important Industrial Products. | Other Titles | تقنيات وطرق تحليلية طيفية حديثة لتقدير بعض المنتجات الصناعية الهامة | Authors | Mona Nasser Mohamed Abou Omar | Issue Date | 2015 |
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