Recent Modalities in Management of Skin Malignancy

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ of the body which consists of two layers; the epidermis and dermis. Skin provides many functions as temperature regulation, immunologic, sensation, serves as a protective barrier and control of insensible fluid loss. In pathology series from Egypt, skin cancer contributed about 4 % of all cancer. The incidence ratio between BCC, SCC, and malignant melanoma is 30:4:1. Malignant melanoma is less common than basal and squamous cell tumors, but accounts for the vast majority of the skin cancer deaths. Ultraviolet radiation is the major risk factor for the onset of non-melanoma skin cancer. Other risk factors include ionizing radiation, viral infection and HLA mismatches. More accurate clinical diagnosis of skin tumors improves patient management, reduce morbidity and mortality. Recently, dermoscopy has become an integrative part of the clinical examination of skin tumors.Mid frequency and high frequency ultrasound have been used in measurement of tumor thickness and the evaluation of lymph nodes.Optical coherence tomographyis an emergent optical real-time imaging non-invasive in vivo technique which provides depth-resolved images of tissues with resolution up to a few micrometers.