A Systematic Review of the Use of Bone Marrow Cells and Platelet Rich Plasma for Enhancement of Bone Healing in Distraction Osteogenesis

Abstract

Bone defects with its different causes, either posttraumatic, congenital or post infectious, still a great problem that faces many orthopedic surgeons every day. Although bone has the ability to heal but, after a certain critical size defect, bone does not have the ability to heal by itself and outside intervention is required. Many techniques are available for the management of these defects, including the autogenous bone grafts, allografts, bone graft substitutes, vascularized fibular bone grafts. DO is a surgical technique in which we can use for large sized bone defects, new bone formation is induced by gradual distraction of a fracture callus after osteotomy is done in the long bone. One of the major problems with DO is the prolonged time required for consolidation of the newly formed bone in the distraction gap. so, many methods were introduced either systematically or locally to enhance the consolidation and shorten the time needed in external fixator.