Chemical freeze-out in Hawking-Unruh radiation and quark-hadron transition
Abdel Nasser Tawfik; Hayam Yassin; Eman R. Abo Elyazeed;
Abstract
The proposed analogy between hadron production in high-energy collisions and
Hawking-Unruh radiation process in the black holes shall be extended. This
mechanism provides a theoretical basis for the freeze-out parameters, the
temperature ($T$) and the baryon chemical potential ($\mu$), characterizing the
final state of particle production. The results from charged black holes, in
which the electric charge is related to $\mu$, are found comparable with the
phenomenologically deduced parameters from the ratios of various particle
species and the higher-order moments of net-proton multiplicity in thermal
statistical models and Polyakov linear-sigma model. Furthermore, the resulting
freeze-out condition $\langle E\rangle/\langle N\rangle\simeq 1~$GeV for
average energy per particle is in good agreement with the hadronization process
in the high-energy experiments. For the entropy density ($s$), the freeze-out
condition $s/T^3\simeq7$ remains valid for $\mu\lesssim 0.3~$GeV. Then, due to
the dependence of $T$ on $\mu$, the values of $s/T^3$ increase with increasing
$\mu$. In accordance with this observation, we found that the entropy density
remains constant with increasing $\mu$. Thus, we conclude that almost no
information is going lost through Hawking-Unruh radiation from charged black
holes. It is worthwhile to highlight that the freeze-out temperature from
charged black holes is determined independent on both freeze-out conditions
Hawking-Unruh radiation process in the black holes shall be extended. This
mechanism provides a theoretical basis for the freeze-out parameters, the
temperature ($T$) and the baryon chemical potential ($\mu$), characterizing the
final state of particle production. The results from charged black holes, in
which the electric charge is related to $\mu$, are found comparable with the
phenomenologically deduced parameters from the ratios of various particle
species and the higher-order moments of net-proton multiplicity in thermal
statistical models and Polyakov linear-sigma model. Furthermore, the resulting
freeze-out condition $\langle E\rangle/\langle N\rangle\simeq 1~$GeV for
average energy per particle is in good agreement with the hadronization process
in the high-energy experiments. For the entropy density ($s$), the freeze-out
condition $s/T^3\simeq7$ remains valid for $\mu\lesssim 0.3~$GeV. Then, due to
the dependence of $T$ on $\mu$, the values of $s/T^3$ increase with increasing
$\mu$. In accordance with this observation, we found that the entropy density
remains constant with increasing $\mu$. Thus, we conclude that almost no
information is going lost through Hawking-Unruh radiation from charged black
holes. It is worthwhile to highlight that the freeze-out temperature from
charged black holes is determined independent on both freeze-out conditions
Other data
Title | Chemical freeze-out in Hawking-Unruh radiation and quark-hadron transition | Authors | Abdel Nasser Tawfik ; Hayam Yassin ; Eman R. Abo Elyazeed | Keywords | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology;High Energy Physics - Phenomenology;General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology;High Energy Physics - Theory | Issue Date | 30-Sep-2015 | Journal | Phys. Rev. D 92, (2015) 085002 | DOI | 8 http://arxiv.org/abs/1510.02117v1 92 10.1103/PhysRevD.92.085002 |
Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-84945966185 |
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