Effect of Preconception Genetic Counseling on Consanguineous Couples in Rural Area

Abstract

Preconception genetic counseling could reduce the risk of genetic disorders in offspring and promote knowledge of consanguineous couples about prevention ways. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of preconception genetic counseling on consanguineous couples in rural area. Study Design: A quasi-experimental design was used to conduct this study. Setting: The study was carried out at the genetic center in Fayoum University Hospital. Subjects: A purposive sample included 200 of consanguineous couples. Tools: For data collection, three tools were used: The first tool was a structured interview questionnaire included demographic characteristics of consanguineous couples and their knowledge about genetic diseases, the second tool was genetic investigation sheets of couples, and the third tool was anxiety assessment scale for couples before and after genetic counseling sessions. Results: The results illustrated that the preconception genetic counseling had an effect on consanguineous couples' knowledge regarding genetic disorders between wives and husbands pre-post genetic counseling with highly statistically significant relation (P<0.001). 60% of couples performed genetic investigations, and a few of them (4.5%) take decision of using family planning methods, while more than one third of them (35.5%) didn't take any decision regarding reproductive health. Also there was a highly statistically significant relation between anxiety level for both wives and husbands pre-post genetic counseling (P <0.001). Conclusion: This study proved that genetic counseling helped in increasing couples’ knowledge regarding genetic conditions for consanguineous marriage and helped them to take a proper decision toward their reproductive health. The study also revealed that there were significant statistical relations between couples’ knowledge and their anxiety levels. Recommendations: The study recommended the publication and dissemination of genetic counseling program in all maternity and child health care centers for consanguineous couples to raise awareness about their potential genetic problems with their offspring before marriage.