Histopathological and Ultrastructural studies of the protective role of vitamin C against the pathogenic impacts induced by cyclosporine on the spleen of albino mice

Abstract

intrduction and background :cylosporine A is an important drug which was considered useful for immunological purposes as for the management of surgical transplantation of some organs in many cases for autoimune diseases and for prvention of tissue rejection after organs transplantation .Vitamin C is also knowns as antioxidant which has the ability to liberate free radical in animal receiving cylosporine A. Aim of the work :The present investigation aims to assess and evaluate the probable protective role of vitamin C after treatment of animals with cyclosporine A.Material and methods :THIRTY adult male albino mice were used in the present study .They were subdivided into three groups (10 animal each).Animals of the first group served as a control group being orally given the drug solvent .Mice of the second group were given oral dose of (0.6 mg/kg.b.wt ) cyclosporine A daily for 30 days , while animals of the third group received daily oral doses of vitamin C(1.25mg/kg.b.wt.) after their injection with cyclosporine A daily for 30 days . After each treatment period , the animals were dissected and their spleen were subjected to histological and ultrastructure investigations. Results and observation : the histopathological results accompanying the usage of cyclosporine A SHOWED conspicuous degeneration as well as devastation in the tissues of the red pulp and white pulp as in the trabeculae and malpighian follicles accompanied by vast erosion and damage of their blood vessels that appeared dilated ,congested and contained extravasated blood , beside certain haemorragic odema . The ultrastructure observation of he spleen of the same treated animals manifested marked deterioration of organelles and inclsions of the cellular elements of the spleen namely ,the lymphocytes and macrophages which showed damaged mitochondria ,many lysosomes and aggregation lipid droplets .Nontheless , their nuclei showed clumping of their heterochromatin .In case of using the protective agent vitamin C, the spleen tissue showed marked decrease or of aformentioned deteriorative feature in the histological and ultrastructure features that returned back more or less to the normal pattern. In conclusion : Cyclosporine A CAUSED certain pathogenic impacts in the tissues of the red and white pulp of the spleen as well as in the trabeculae and Malpighian follicles . The vitamin C caused marked protective effects against the damage observed in the splenic tissues.