Updates In The Management Of Morbid Obesity

Abstract

Obesity is considered the most common- disorder of metabolism. Obesity, over weight and morbid obesity are terms often used to describe _ individuals with an inct:eased body fat. The most-common definition of morbid . obesity is..a • body mass index (BMI). of > 40 . kglm. The body fat can be •• measured by variety of techniques including; Deurenberg formula, skin fold• thickness, under water weighing, isotopic measurement of whole body potassium-40 content, impedance analysis, C.T, MRI, neutron activation analysis, dual photon absorptiometry and body water. The aetiology of this condition is multifactor including; familial and genetic predisposition, drug induced obesity, endocrinal causes, childhood overnutrition, intake of food in large quantities and many times in the day, psychological factors, ••environmental factC'rs, special habits like alochole consumption and smoking and personal factors like; age, geneder, ethinity and parity. Clear understanding of the pathophysiology of morbid obesity is essentinal for management and prevention of this disaster. There are several factors concerning the occurrence of obesity, the first one in this mechanism is, genetic control, central nervous system control, afferent signals, pattern of feeding, socioeconomic factors, exercise and pattern of distribution of excess adopose tissue. Leptin also, have a role in the mechanism of this disease. Obesity can be classified according to the aetiology, including endogenous and exogenous obesity. Also can be classified according to the onset, adipose tissue histology and according to the anthropomentric measurements.