Coronary Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients Type 2 and Relation to Lipid Profile and Glycemic Control

Abstract

herosclerosis is a multifactorial disease with dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, smoking, and many other causes of endothelial injury, as well as certain genetic predispositions, all contributing to the pathogenesis of this syndrome [(Libby P. 2003) & (Ross R. 1999)]. Although the relationship between cardiovascular disease and glycemia is believed to represent a continuum without a threshold effect, HbA1C might offer more advantages in terms of prognostic information, as it is a more stable, accurate parameter of glucose homeostasis. Several large scale studies have shown the relationship between HbA1C and the rate of long-term microvascular complications in diabetic patients [(Verdoia M, et al. 2014)]. Dyslipidemia is one of the primary causes for coronary artery disease (CAD). Elevated total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and lowered high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) are conventional risk factors in myocardial infarction patients [(Adak M and Shivapuri JN. 2010)]. Recent technological advances such as contrast-enhanced coronary CT angiography now allow the visualization of coronary artery plaques easily and less-invasively. Several studies have used these new techniques to characterize plaque features that are causally related to acute coronary syndrome [(Motoyama S, et al. 2007), (Motoyama S, et al. 2009) & (Pflederer T, et al. 2010)].