Arthroscopic Management of Cam type Femoro-acetabular Impingement

Abstract

Summary and Conclusion emoroacetabular impingement is a well-recognized cause of joint damage and osteoarthritis among young adults. With this study, we have tried to reflect on the response to arthroscopic treatment for cam-type FAI. There are 2 primary mechanisms of FAI: cam and pincer impingement. Cam impingement is the result of contact between an abnormal femoral head-neck junction and the acetabulum, whereas pincer impingement is typically the result of a deep acetabulum, local anterior overcoverage (retroversion), or posterior overcoverage. The most common type of FAI is mixed type with both Cam and Pincer lesions. The prevalence of the anatomy of FAI in the asymptomatic population is approximately 30 %, and thus, FAI morphology does not necessarily indicate the presence of clinical impingement; and vice versa, impingement may also occur with apparently normal anatomy, for example, in the case of supra-physiologic extreme range of motion of the hip joint in an athlete. FAI morphology by itself does not cause pain; however, it may alter the biomechanics of the joint and eventually lead to injuries to the soft tissues of the hip that can be a source of pain. Chondral lesions and labral tears F