Comparison between Bupivacaine with Neostigmine and Bupivacaine alone in Caudal Block for Pediatrics undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery

Abstract

ain is one of the most misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and untreated medical problems, particularly in children. New Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organization regards pain as fifth vital sign and requires care givers to regularly assess pain. Inadequate pain relief during childhood may have long-term negative effects including harmful neuroendocrine responses, disrupted eating and sleep cycles and increased pain perception during subsequent painful experiences. Postoperative pain can result in an uncooperative and restless child. Hence, it is preferable to prevent the onset of pain rather than to relieve its existence.