The Effect of Estradiol Valerate with and without Oral Sildenafil on Endometrial Thickness and Pregnancy Rates in Infertile Women: A R.C.T A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

he etiology of infertility is diverse. Despite the improvement in ovarian stimulation protocols and techniques, results of in vitro fertilization (IVF) has unfortunately reached a plateau. Diverse and unexplained factors affecting implantation rates have become a major limiting factor. Therefore, more attention needs to be focused on implantation and endometrial receptivity. Good embryo quality, appropriately timed and arranged endometrial receptivity, and efficient crosstalk between the embryo and the receptive endometrium are required for successful implantation. Impairment of any one of these factors may result in implantation failure.