Role of Vitamin D Supplementation Therapy on Ovulation and Insulin Resistance in Women with PCOS:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Unfortunately, PCOS is not a simple pathophysiologic process with postulated etiologies including hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal dysfunctions, metabolic abnormalities and the genetic factors. However, the definite pathogenesis and real underlying etiologies of PCOS remain uncertain. Recently, a special emphasis has recently been directed to the potential role of vitamin D and some regulatory peptides (e.g. adipokines and follistatin) and their associated metabolic roles and genetic factors in the development of PCOS and its related co-morbidities. In this concept, the discovering of vitamin D receptors (VDRs), which are nuclear receptors present in nearly every tissue in the body and regulates the expression of about 229 genes of the whole human genome, has revolutionized the importance of vitamin D and provided new insights into its functions.