Relation between Serum Ferritin, Serum Creatinine and Albuminuria in Type2 Diabetes with or Without Nephropathy

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and relative insulin deficiency, resistance, or both .It affects more than 120 million people worldwide, and it is estimated that it will affect 220 million by the year 2020. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the commonest causes of end-stage renal disease and account for about one in three patients accepted for dialysis In the U.K. about 600 patients require dialysis owing to diabetic nephropathy each year and, as with most western countries, in the United States Clinical diabetic nephropathy is characterized by proteinuria (300 mg albumin/g creatinine), elevated blood pressure and rapidly declining renal function. Nephropathy afflicts 30% to 40% of diabetic patients causing ESRD at a median age of 50 in type1 and 65 in type 2 diabetics. In recent years, the role of iron has been investigated as a pro oxidant, which contributes to lipid Peroxidation, ath¬erosclerosis, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, carcinogenesis and neurodegenerative diseases. Fe III, released from binding proteins, can participate in the production of free radicals by the Haber- Weiss or Fenton re¬action and cause oxidative damage.