CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIOUS KINDS OF REFUSED DERIVED FUEL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CEMENT PROPERITES

Abstract

Production of cement clinker is one of energy-intensive industry which requires a large amount of fuel. Recently many countries tend to use solid wastes as a source of energy in cement industry instead of fossil fuel or as a fraction of the fuel used in the production of cement clinker. The industry argues that the use of waste as alternative fuels has several positive impacts on sustainability, i.e. conservation of non-renewable energy sources, better energy recovery in waste, etc. In addition, the use of alternative fuels can help to reduce the costs of cement production. The objectives of the present investigation are to study the characterization and thermal properties of eight types of different solid wastes to show their efficiency as refused derived fuel (RDF) sources. These solid wastes are divided into two categories according to their ash residue. The first category of solid wastes are; Tree trimmings (TT), Rubber waste (RW), Rice straw (RS) and municipal solid waste (MSW) which they are show percentage of ash residue after firing at 1000°C or 2 hours > 19 % and they characterized in this study as high ash content RDF sources (HARDF). While the second category of solid wastes are; paper waste (PAW), saw dust (SD),