DRUG THERAPY IN CANCER PROSTATE

Abstract

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the second most common carcinoma in males in the United States and the third leading cause of death from neoplastic disease . The incidence of cancer prostate in autopsy studies of men more than 50 years old ranges from 5-40% and increases with advance in age. Prostatic cancer can be subdivided into three distinct categories : clinical prostatic cancer, which produces symptoms and can be diagnosed clinically ; occult cancer , which produces clinically overt metastases while the primary lesion remains insignificant in size or hidden ; latent cancer , which is clinically unrecognisable and is usually an incidental finding at prostatectomy or autopsy . Prostatic cancer arises from outer prostatic glands most commonly from the posterior lobe. The vast majority of prostatic cancer are adenocarcinoma of the common or acinar type . The most common diagnostic finding for prostatic carcinoma is eli nical rectal digital examination and prostatic biopsy from the suspicious area . The treatment includes, radical prostatectomy which is done in early carcinoma amenable for total prostatovesiculectomy specially in stage A , B and some stage C . Radical prostatectomy could be done either perineally or retropubically. The advantage of radical retropubic prostatectomy over perineal route that we can do staging lymphadenectomy before the operation in the same session . Transurethral resection for carcinoma of the prostate is done only as a palliative measure combined with medical therapy in those patients presenting with urinary obstruction. Medical treatment includes, hormonal therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy . Carcinoma of the prostate is androgen dependent so it responds well to hormonal therapy.