Effect of BMI on complications rate, reoperation and functional outcome after Total Knee Arthroplasty, A Systematic Review of Literature

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines, a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2 is defined as obese, ≥35 kg/m2 as highly obese and ≥40 kg/m2 as morbidly obese. The effect of obesity on many elective procedures has become an important consideration, as it has been estimated that approximately 30% of adults worldwide have a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2. Many studies have indicated that obesity is a well-documented risk factor for the pathogenesis and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Conservative treatment is used initially to treat knee OA; however, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) becomes necessary as the disease progresses. It has been estimated that more than one-half of patients undergoing a total knee arthroplasty have a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, many of them at a younger age than their non-obese counterparts.