Steroid-induced Ocular Hypertension and Cataract in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract

ephrotic Syndrome (NS) is one of the glomrular diseases observed during the childhood. It is characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and frequently hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia. Childhood nephrotic syndromes are most commonly caused by one of two idiopathic diseases: Minimal-Change Nephrotic Syndrome (MCNS) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome remains unknown, but evidence suggests it may be a primary T-cell disorder that leads to glomerular podocyte dysfunction. NS is rarely syndromatic with specific eye involvements such as Pierson syndrome, Wilms tumor-Anridia syndrome and congenital NS. Strabismus, nystagmus, hyperterlorism, miosis and congenital glaucoma are reported as steroid independent ocular findings. The discovery of steroids was a major breakthrough in the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Like other therapeutic agents, these medications have their own side effects, including ocular complication.