FECAL ELASTASE -1 IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS A NON – INVASIVE MEASURE FOR THE EXOCRIEN PANCREATIC FUNCITON

Abstract

Many diseases are affecting the exocrine pancreatic function in childhood. Cystic fibrosis is the commonest cause of disturbed pancreatic function in Caucasian children. Other causes of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction are uncommon or rare (Durie, 1997). In many developing countries, cystic fibrosis is the most common cause of progressive lung disease or chronic pancreatic insufficiency and cirrhosis of the liver in childhood and young adult life (Riordan et al., 1989). Cystic fibrosis is inherited in an autosomal recess1ve fashion resulting in a gene mutation on the long arm of chromosome 7 which, most commonly, is gene LW508 (Landau, 1991). This gene encode for a protein named cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFfR). Diminished electrolyte and therefore fluid secretion due to loss of CFfR conductance resulting in a concentration of macromolecules in the affected duct system (Marino et al., 1991). Durie (1997) reported that many of the manifestations of cystic fibrosis are due to reduced fluid secretion which prevents ductal lumina from maintaining macromolecules in solution or suspension. Thus, secretions tend to be viscid and obstruct ducts causing organ damage. Several organs beside the pancreas are involved including the lungs, the intestine, the liver and the reproductive system.