Metformin versus Insulin in Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as the form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus have a great degree of Insulin resistance compared to women without gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes has many complications that affect the mother and her foetus. According to the foetus, macrosomia is the most importat consequence of gestational diabetes. For the neonate, neonatal hypoglycemia is the most serious complication. The pregnant woman is also affected during her pregnancy by the elevated blood sugar. She might face many complications such as: pre-eclamsia, preterm labour, polyhydramnios, postpartum haemorrhage, hypoglycemic episodes and finally, diabetic ketoacidosis. For management of gestational diabetes, pregnant woman shall start with lifestyle changes as diet modifications and regular exercise. Others will need medications.