OPTIMUM ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN EGYPTIAN INDUSTRIAL ZONES

Abstract

Industry with its modern concept has been known in Egypt since the early nineteenth century. After the First World War, industrial activity in Egypt began to increase depending on natural resources. The industrial sector consumes 12% of the water. With increasing population and scarcity of water, which are the most important challenges facing Egypt, we must rationalize the use of resources and the application of cleaner production technologies to reduce industrial consumption and re-use the industrial wastes. The industrial wastewater management is one of the most important goals for sustainable development. Therefore, this study aims to find the optimum environmental solution for the management of industrial wastewater in the industrial zones in Egypt. The industrial city of Quesna in the governorate of Monofeya as a case study and model of the industrial zones in Egypt, where ten (10) main industrial sectors were found in this city represented by 150 companies. These industrial sectors are food, pharmaceutical, chemicals, plastic, metal, electrical and engineering, paper, agriculture, and tannery sectors.