Evaluation of the Macula, Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Choroid Thickness in Women Using Oral Contraceptive Pills

Abstract

ral contraceptive pills (OCP) have some risks and side effects with regard to several organs, one of which is the eye. Estrogen and progesterone receptors have been observed in miscellaneous ocular tissues, such as the choroid, retina, lens, conjunctiva, cornea, and the Meibomian gland. Sex hormones can affect the retina and choroid, so that OCP use could lead to result in alterations to OCT findings. Additionally, a correlation between sex hormones and disorders that may cause loss of vision has been described. Ocular complications or side effects reported in connection with oral contraceptives ranging from being mild- moderate complications like dry eye symptoms, corneal disturbances, lens opacities, retinal vascular disorders, and proptosis, in addition, retinal edema, glaucoma, and hemorrhagic retinopathy. To Severe neuro-ophthalmologic complications involve the 6th cranial nerve paralysis, parietal syndrome, hemianopsia, papillary edema and retrobulbar neuritis. Central retinal artery or vein occlusion, intraocular hemorrhages, aneurysms, macular or papillary edema and acute ischemic optic neuropathy. Glaucoma is a serious condition that can develop from the use of oral contraceptives.