The Role of Vitamin C in Photosensitivity Attenuation of Antimicrobial Quinolones Group

Abstract

Drug-induced photosensitivity refers to a cutaneous adverse event occurring due to the combined interaction of a drug (topically or systemically administered) and radiation from the sun. Phototoxic reactions can manifest within minutes or hours of drug administration and are non-immunological, resulting from direct tissue injury. The ultraviolet radiation that reaches the earth's surface, more than 95% is the longer wavelengths of UVA, with the small amount UVB. UVA effects are dominated by indirect DNA damage.UVA has the longest wavelength with the lowest energy and can penetrate deeply into the dermis and cause aging effects. One of the most obvious acute effects of UV on the skin is the induction of inflammation. A quinolone antibiotic is a member of a large group of broad-spectrum bactericides. Treatment with both UV radiation and quinolone showed significantly increased back skin swellings, increase sunburn cells and decreased epidermal Langerhans cells. Ciprofloxacin is one of the most widely used antibiotics. The most common side effects of ciprofloxacin are nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, elevating liver enzymes and skin sensitivity to sunlight. Antioxidants that are reducing agents can also act as pro-oxidants. For example, vitamin C has antioxidant activity when it reduces oxidizing substances such as hydrogen peroxide, however, it will also reduce metal ions that generate free radicals through the Fenton reaction.