Detection of drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis using genotypic method in positive cases admitted in Abbassia Chest Hospital

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB); infectious disease, which was considered as a challenging global health problems especially in developing countries with greater attention to multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). MDR-TB could be defined as resistance to isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF), two therapeutic drugs in the first-line TB regimens. (Ahmad and Mokaddas, 2009) Worldwide, about 3.3% of new TB cases and up to 20% of already treated cases have MDR-TB, and in some places as Estonia, and Henan Province, China, the percentage among the new cases increased up to 14 and 11 % respectively. (WHO, 2015) (Dye et al., 2002) The diagnosis of active TB depended on clinical suspicion, chest radiographs, and smears for acid fast bacilli (AFB), then confirmed by solid or liquid culture which still the “gold standard” reference for TB diagnosis. However, this method was time consuming and took several weeks to be completed, so, rapid and accurate methods for detecting MDR-TB isolates was mandatory for better controlling and proper treating the situation from the begging. (Mitchison, 2005) (Sali et al., 2015) (Mani et al., 2014)