Effect of Intravitreal Injection of Ranibizumab on Choroidal and Macular Thickness in Cases of Diabetic Ischemic versus Non Ischemic Maculopathy

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. DR is a progressive condition with microvascular alterations that lead to retinal ischemia, retinal permeability, retinal neovascularization and macular edema. Diabetic retinopathy is classified into no apparent retinopathy, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), characterised by the growth of new blood vessels (retinal neovascularization). NPDR is further divided into mild, moderate, and severe stages that may or may not involve the development of a macula diabetic macular edema (DME).