BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON FLAXSEED OIL AND MEAL

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the flaxseed oil and meal of new variety of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Sakha-5 and evaluate their biochemical constituents and biological applications. The fatty acid composition was found to be α-linolenic had the highest value (62.1%) followed by Linoleic (14.5%), Oleic (13.4%), Palmitic (5.3) % and Stearic C18:0 (3.9%). Sterols and hydrocarbons content of the unsaponifiable matter was Bis (2- ethyl hexyl ester) phthalate (76.63%) had the highest percentage followed by 9,19 cyclo – 9 álanostane 3 a, 25 diol, ç- sitosterol ( 5.30%), á- sitosterol (1.61%) (3.23%). Phenolic and flavonoid compounds of flaxseed meal were salicylic acid (17419.85ppm) followed by Ellagic acid (7650.09 ppm), Benzoic acid ( 6830.28 ppm), Coumarin (2221.0 ppm) and Catechin (1230.46 ppm).Hesperidin (14391.76 ppm),quercetrin (5127.56 ppm), naringin (4400.84 ppm), acacetinneo.rutinosede ( 2564.5 ppm).The oxidative stability of meal methanolic extract(200 ppm) was increased to IP 4.15 h/100oC. Compared with that obtained by adding BHT (200 ppm) 3.37 h/100oC. Biological evaluation of meal methanolic extract against colon and breast cancers showed that IC50 of methanolic extract concerning colon cancer recorded 713 µg/ml. This means that, in concern of colon cancer, concentrations used starting from 1000 µg/ml was able to be effective in inhibiting, killing and controlling the colon cancer cells. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity of flaxseed in breast cancer IC50 of the same extract recorded 1940 µg/ml.