MDR1 Gene Expression in Acute Leukemia

Abstract

Therapeutic resistance has been associated with rapid drug efflux mediated by the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1; encoding P­ glycoprotein). Detection of MDR1 expression by monoclonal antibody (JSB1) in 94 acute leukemia patients by using immunocytochemistry. The . results were correlated with different clinical risk indicator and heamatological data, as well as remission rate. MDR1 was not found to be linked to any of the prognostic features in Precursor B-ALL cases; no correlation with absolute total leucocytic count, heamoglobin concentration, bone marrow blast percent, clinical presentation, or sex. Many author proved that MDR1 increase in 2"d and 3'd relapse of B-ALL but not in 1st relapse. On the contrary, MDR1 expression was significantly higher in relapsed T-ALL than newly diagnosed (p=0.02). There was significant association with MDR1 expression and generalized lymphadenopathy (p=0.01), and male patients (p=0.01). In this study MDR1 in AML is significantly higher in relapse than in new (p=0.01) cases. It is associated with bad prognostic features such as, splenomegally (p=O.OS), unfavorable age group (p=0.01), and male (p=0.02) while, average correlation was encountered with total leucocytic coun!\Complete remission in both ALL and AML group was not found related to MDR1. Only in ALL the new MDR1+ group in relation to the relapsed MDR1+ were (p=0.02).