Application of FACTS to Enhance the Performance of Power System with Growing Wind Power Penetration

Abstract

Wind generation connection to a power system affects its steady state and transient stability. This effect increases with the increase of wind generation capacity penetration. Most of literature don’t cover the steady-state performance of the power system after wind variation even with the bad effects of this variation on voltage profile, power angle and power limits. Furthermore, the literature is mainly concerned with the shunt FACTS devices for example STATCOM and SVC to enhance the performance of the power system suffering from wind penetration, and minor interest is directed to series FACTS as TCSC. There may give better techno-economical solutions for the problems associated with wind penetration in power system than shunt devices. Some publications are concerned with SVC as a way to enhance the power system performance with wind penetration. SVC can’t perform well with low voltage at its location as proved in this thesis. Also the literature did not cover the wind penetration limit while keeping the power system operated without any violation in its indices. Finally, some literatures consider the cost of FACTS devices as an additional problem of wind energy penetration, although the FACTS may eventually make net saving in the cost through reducing the total loss. In this work, determining the optimal location of FACTS devices to solve the problem associated with wind penetration in power systems is carried out by using genetic algorithm optimization technique. The proposed method in this work is applied to the modified IEEE 39-bus system and to another higher wind penetration system as IEEE 9-bus system. The first part of the study in this thesis is devoted to the selection of suitable FACTS type and ranking method. Two methods of lines ranking are studied. The first one is based on the minimum voltage allowed and the other method is based on the maximum lines over load. The results show that TCSC with capacitive range is the best solution for this problem, as it allows the system to operate without violating the power, voltage and power angle limits. Also it reduces the total loss of the system which gives wind generator more spare to cover its generation variation. Also it increases the minimum voltage to acceptable limit which is considered as an improvement in voltage profile. Results also proved that the ranking according to the minimum voltage allowed better cost saving and better power system performance than the other method of ranking.