Potential Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic effects of Myoinositol Versus Metformin in High Fat Diet, Streptozotocin - Induced Diabetes in Rats

Abstract

T2DM occurs due to presence of insulin resistance and gradual loss of pancreatic β -cells which leads to hyperglycemia that causes long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of several organs, particularly the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. Early detection of prediabetic and diabetic patients by proper screening programs and early treatment of insulin resistance by using non-pharmacological approaches (weight reduction, exercise, alcohol and tobacco cessation and healthy diet) and/or pharmacological approach (insulin sensitizer) will protect the pancreatic ß-cells from damage and slow the progressive deteriorating course of T2DM and subsequently its complications. Although there are many anti-diabetes medications, complete treatment of T2DM and prevention of its complications is still a big problem. Metformin is an antidiabetic drug with an insulin sensitizing effect. It is effective, safe, and inexpensive and has beneficial effects on HBA1C, BW, and cardiovascular mortality so it is the first line of treatment of T2DM. It has some side effects and it may be even contraindicated in some cases. Myoinositol consists of six-carbon arranged in a cyclitol. Many experimental and clinical studies have suggested that it has an insulin-sensitizing effect. Our study aimed to evaluate the possible antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of myoinositol, compare between the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of myoinositol to those of metformin and detect if there are more beneficial effects from using both drugs together in diabetic animal model. The present study showed that using a 7-week high fat diet caused significant increase in body weight in diabetic rats when compared to normal control rats while drugs administration (myoinositol, metformin and myoinositol plus metformin) in the last four weeks to diabetic rats did not cause significant change in body weight when compared to diabetic control group.