Efficacy of combined ultrasound guided Pectoral Nerve Block (PECS I block and PECS II block) using Bupivacaine with or without Magnesium Sulfate in modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia

Abstract

reast cancer has continued to be the most common cancer affeccting women, accounting for 31% of all new cancer cases in the female population. Every year, thousands of patients undergo surgery in the region of the breast and axilla. Surgery is one of the mainstays of treatment, and a procedure called modified radical mastectomy (MRM) is now a standard surgical treatment for early-stage breast cancers. (Low and Micozzi, 2005; Cancer Research UK, 2013). However, Traditional opioid-based analgesia remains the mainstay, different techniques including regional local anaesthetic infiltrations, paravertebral and neuraxial analgesia, anticonvulsants, anti-neuropathic analgesics and NMDA antagonists have all been used either in isolation or in combination.