Evaluating the Role of Serum Apolipoprotein B to serum Apolipoprotein A Ratio in Type 2 Egyptian Diabetic Patient with Retinopathy

Abstract

iabetes mellitus (DM) has routinely been described as a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that develops as a consequence of defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 2 Diabetes encompasses individuals who have insulin resistance (IR) and usually relative (rather than absolute) insulin deficiency. The pathologic hallmark of DM involves the vasculature leading to both micro vascular and macro vascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic progressive, potentially sight-threatening disease of the retinal microvasculature associated with the prolonged hyperglycemia and other conditions linked to diabetes mellitus such as hypertension. Legal blindness due to DR is estimated to be 25 times more common among the diabetic population than in those without diabetes.