Racial Manifestations in the Aftermath of 9/11 and during Obama's Regime in the United States of America as represented in: Yussef El Guindi's Back of the Throat, Ayad Akhtar's Disgraced, David Mamet's Race and Bruce Norris's Clybourne Park

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is to shed light on racial manifestations in the United States and to highlight the fact that racism is structured into the rhythm of the American society against non -white minorities. The thesis focuses on racism against Muslims in the aftermath of 9/11, proving that Islamophobia is a kind of racism; and it focuses on highlighting racial manifestations against blacks after the presidency of Barack Obama as the first black president in the United States. These manifestations are exposed through four contemporary plays which examine these racial practices. The thesis aims at answering the following questions: how far racism is manifested against Muslim Americans and African Americans? How far racism in the United States is systemic and is always in formation? Did racism increase against Muslims and blacks after 9/11 and during Obama's regime? This thesis is divided into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter presents the theoretical framework and the following two chapters include application on four selected plays which examine racism against Muslim Americans and African Americans. The first chapter, " Racism in the United States: A Survey" presents a review of racism and a survey of the theories related to racism with special reference to Joe R. Feagin's, Erik Love's Michael Omi’s and Howard Winant's theories of racism in the United States. The theoretical part