Clinical and Laboratory Prognosis of Patients at Risk for Traumatic ARDS

Abstract

Trauma victims who survive their initial injuries to hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU) face the possibility of life-threatening complications such as multiple organ failure (MOF), the leading cause of death in these patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most frequent manifestation of MOF after trauma. Objective: Diagnosis of traumatic patients who are at risk of developing ARDS based on clinical and laboratory findings and their proper management. Data Sources: Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2020. Data Extraction: If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures. Conclusion: Identifying potentially causal and modifiable factors that could lead to the development and testing of preventative ARDS therapies has been slow in part because of an incomplete understanding of which patients are likely to develop ARDS after major trauma. There are several ARDS predictors including an injury severity score (ISS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II Score and others which try to identify trauma patients at greatest risk for ARDS. However, despite the intense research, only few effective therapies for ARDS have been postulated, including the lung protection strategies.