Exendin-4 enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells through the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B and osteoprotegerin signaling pathway

Habib, Sarah A.; Kamal, Mohamed; El-Maraghy, Shohda A.; Senousy, Mahmoud A.;

Abstract


The capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to repair bone damage and defects has long been investigated. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), its ligand (RANKL) and the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis is crucial to keep the equilibrium between osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. Exendin-4 utilization increased bone formation and enhanced bone integrity. This study aimed to investigate the mentioned axis and determine the effect of exendin-4 upon adipose mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) osteogenic differentiation. Ad-MSCs were isolated from rat epididymal fat, followed by characterization and then differentiation into osteocytes both in the presence or absence of exendin-4. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alizarin red staining and the expression of osteogenic markers; using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunoassay. MSCs derived from rat epididymal fat were isolated and characterized, along with their differentiation into osteocytes. The differentiated cells were alizarin red-stained, showing increased staining intensity upon addition of exendin-4. Moreover, the addition of exendin-4 elevated the messenger RNA expression levels of osteogenic markers; runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX-2), osteocalcin, and forkhead box protein O-1 while reducing the expression of the adipogenic marker peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Exendin-4 addition elevated OPG levels in the supernatant of osteogenic differentiated cells. Moreover, exendin-4 elevated the protein levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and RUNX-2, while decreasing both RANK and RANKL. In conclusion, osteogenic differentiation of Ad-MSCs is associated with increased osteoblastic rather than osteoclastic activity. The findings of this study suggest that exendin-4 can enhance Ad-MSCs osteogenic differentiation partially through the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis.


Other data

Title Exendin-4 enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells through the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B and osteoprotegerin signaling pathway
Authors Habib, Sarah A.; Kamal, Mohamed ; El-Maraghy, Shohda A.; Senousy, Mahmoud A.
Keywords adipose mesenchymal stem cells | exendin-4 | osteocytes | osteoprotegerin
Issue Date 1-May-2022
Publisher WILEY
Journal Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 
ISSN 07302312
DOI 10.1002/jcb.30236
PubMed ID 35338509
Scopus ID 2-s2.0-85127295927
Web of science ID WOS:000773210300001

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