Protective Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Against Chilling Stress During Reproductive Stage in Tomato Plants Through Modulation of Sugar Metabolism, Chloroplast Integrity, and Antioxidative Defense Systems
Reham El-Sayed Farag;
Abstract
Despite the role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in plant tolerance to chilling stress having
been widely discussed in the seedling stage, very little information is clear regarding its
implication in chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage of the plant. Here,
we investigated the influence of GABA (1 and 2mM) as a foliar application on tomato
plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Super Marmande) subjected to chilling stress (5°C
for 6h/day) for 5 successive days during the flowering stage. The results indicated that
applied GABA differentially influenced leaf pigment composition by decreasing the
chlorophyll a/b ratio and increasing the anthocyanin relative to total chlorophyll. However,
carotenoids were not affected in both GABA-treated and non-treated stressed plants.
Root tissues significantly exhibited an increase in thermo-tolerance in GABA-treated
plants. Furthermore, applied GABA substantially alleviated the chilling-induced oxidative
damage by protecting cell membrane integrity and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and
H2O2. This positive effect of GABA was associated with enhancing the activity of
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and
ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Conversely, a downregulation of peroxidase (POX) and
polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was observed under chilling stress which indicates its relevance
in phenol metabolism. Interesting correlations were obtained between GABA-induced
upregulation of sugar metabolism coinciding with altering secondary metabolism, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and maintaining the integrity of plastids’ ultrastructure Eventually,
applied GABA especially at 2mM improved the fruit yield and could be recommended to
mitigate the damage of chilling stress in tomato plants
been widely discussed in the seedling stage, very little information is clear regarding its
implication in chilling tolerance during the reproductive stage of the plant. Here,
we investigated the influence of GABA (1 and 2mM) as a foliar application on tomato
plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Super Marmande) subjected to chilling stress (5°C
for 6h/day) for 5 successive days during the flowering stage. The results indicated that
applied GABA differentially influenced leaf pigment composition by decreasing the
chlorophyll a/b ratio and increasing the anthocyanin relative to total chlorophyll. However,
carotenoids were not affected in both GABA-treated and non-treated stressed plants.
Root tissues significantly exhibited an increase in thermo-tolerance in GABA-treated
plants. Furthermore, applied GABA substantially alleviated the chilling-induced oxidative
damage by protecting cell membrane integrity and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and
H2O2. This positive effect of GABA was associated with enhancing the activity of
phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and
ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Conversely, a downregulation of peroxidase (POX) and
polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was observed under chilling stress which indicates its relevance
in phenol metabolism. Interesting correlations were obtained between GABA-induced
upregulation of sugar metabolism coinciding with altering secondary metabolism, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and maintaining the integrity of plastids’ ultrastructure Eventually,
applied GABA especially at 2mM improved the fruit yield and could be recommended to
mitigate the damage of chilling stress in tomato plants
Other data
Title | Protective Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Against Chilling Stress During Reproductive Stage in Tomato Plants Through Modulation of Sugar Metabolism, Chloroplast Integrity, and Antioxidative Defense Systems | Authors | Reham El-Sayed Farag | Keywords | tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.);gamma-aminobutyric acid;chilling stress;chloroplast ultrastructure;oxidative stress;antioxidants;fruit yield | Issue Date | 18-Oct-2021 | Publisher | frontiers | Journal | Frontiers in plant science | Volume | 12 | DOI | 10.3389/fpls.2021.663750 |
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