New insights on Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A-based immunotoxins in targeted cancer therapeutic delivery
Morgan, Radwa N; Saleh, Sarra E; Farrag, Hala A; Aboshanab, Khaled;
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A-based immunotoxins (PE-ITs) are fusion proteins that harness targeting and toxin moieties. Structural optimizations in PE and targeting moieties were implemented to lower their immunogenicity and alleviate undesirable side effects. PE moiety was engineered to lack its cell-binding domain and T cell epitope regions, whereas single chain (scFv) and disulfide Fv portions (dsFv), nanobodies, and monobodies were utilized as targeting moieties. This review discusses applications of PE-ITs on different types of cancer, structural optimizations to reduce PE-ITs drawbacks, and recent modifications applied for efficient therapeutic delivery. Finally, we draw attention to the possibility of combining radiotherapy, radionuclides, and RGDs with PE-IT to improve overall response rates of IT-based treatments and reduce cancer cell resistance.
Other data
Title | New insights on Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A-based immunotoxins in targeted cancer therapeutic delivery | Authors | Morgan, Radwa N; Saleh, Sarra E; Farrag, Hala A; Aboshanab, Khaled | Keywords | P. aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE);cancer;cancer resistance;immunogenicity;immunotoxins (ITs);radiotherapy;structural optimization | Issue Date | Jan-2023 | Publisher | Newlands Press Ltd | Journal | Therapeutic delivery | Volume | 14 | Issue | 1 | ISSN | 2041-5990 2041-6008 |
DOI | 10.4155/tde-2022-0055 | PubMed ID | 36950853 | Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-85152162200 | Web of science ID | WOS:000951329700001 |
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