A Comparative Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on the Effect of Moringa Oil and Sesame Oil on the Submandibular Glands of Cisplatin Treated Albino Rats

Abstract

Cisplatin, also known as CP, is an antineoplastic drug that is utilised most frequently in the chemotherapeutic treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Because of the high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and proteins that are rich in sulfated amino acids that are found in Moringa oleifera oil (MO) and Sesame oil (SO) seeds, these two plant species have the potential to become valuable resources. A comparison of the protective effects of MO and SO against the damage caused by CP in the submandibular glands of albino rats was the purpose of this study. 45 rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: group I served as the control, group II received a single intraperitoneal injection of CP (5 mg/kg), group III received MO (5mg/ kg/day) orally, and group IV received SO (5mg/kg/day) orally. Histopathological changes such as cytoplasmic vacuolation, irregular dark shrunken nuclei, loss of normal acinar architecture, irregular and distorted ducts with focal loss of their lining epithelium and basement membrane, and congested blood vessels were observed in the CP group. These changes were observed in the pancreatic polyps. In the CP group, we saw large increases in the expression of -SMA and Caspase-3, and significant decreases in the expression of PCNA and PAS. These findings showed some sign of improvement in the groups that had been treated with MO and SO. According to the findings of this investigation, both MO and SO were able to mitigate the harm produced by cisplatin, with MO showing a very tiny advantage over SO.