The Possible Effect of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Versus Their Exosomes on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Female Albino Rats. A Histological Study

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, non-communicable, immune- mediated inflammatory skin disease involving mainly tissues of skin and joints. The main microscopic abnormalities of psoriasis include abnormal epidermal cells differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and increased T-cell infiltration. Imiquimod (IMQ) is a toll-like receptor agonist drug that has been used as a standard model in the induction of psoriasis in experimental studies. Psoriasis remains one of the diseases without known causes and no standard known treatment. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) were found to have significant immunomodulatory properties in many diseases. However, Stem cells carry the potential risk of transformation with prolonged in vitro cultivation. Thus, according to the paracrine hypothesis, the beneficial effects of stem cell therapy are attributed to stimulation of resident cells by secretion of bioactive molecules and release of extracellular vesicles including the exosomes. Thus, a large scale of research is being conducted to investigate the role of exosomes in various diseases in different tissues.