Assessment of Bio-Psychosocial and Educational Needs for Critically Ill Patients

Abstract

Background: Bio-psychosocial is an approach includes the influences of biological, psychological and social factors when looking at overall health. The bio-psychosocial approach focuses on the biology or physiology underlying health; the psychology of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors influencing health; and the ways that society and culture all influence health. Aim: to assess bio-psychosocial and educational needs for critically ill patients Design: A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized to assess bio psycho social & educational needs for critically ill patients. This study was conducted in intensive care unit at Benha teaching hospital. A purposive sample of (285) patients for critical ill patients were included in the study. Tool: Interview questionnaire was used for data collection, which included four tools; Patients' interview questionnaire, Patients' physical assessment sheet,Patients' psychological assessment scales and Patients' Social Dysfunction Rating Scale Results & Conclusion: Regarding educational needs, less than half of studied patients (46%) had unsatisfactory level of total knowledge as regarding disease and therapeutic regiment indicated high educational needs. Regarding physical needs mean scores of the studied patients, as, the highest total mean scores among them were regarding total body systems need followed by pain & daily living activities (16.14 ± 6.34, 7.6 ± 5.4&3.2± 3.7) respectively. As regards psychological needs, more than half of the patients (50.5%) had severe anxiety level and more than one third of them (38.9%) had severe level of depression. Regard social needs, there was more than half of the studied patients (50.9%) had severe social dysfunction. Recommendations: Multidisciplinary team approach is necessary for management of critical ill patients for meeting their bio psycho social & educational needs. Further studies are recommended to study the effect of designing& implementing educational program for nurses based on bio-psycho social &educational needs for critical ill patients to improve their performance and consequently enhance the quality of life for such group of patients.