Window for Biomarkers in diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury disease

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients confined in intensive care units (ICU) and remains to be associated with poor outcomes. According to the current diagnostic criteria, serum creatinine (SCr) and urine volume are used as diagnostic and staging criteria for AKI. However, oliguria is not specific to renal dysfunction, and SCr elevation is usually delayed for several hours after the renal insult and occurs only when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is severely diminished. The goal of the present study was to investigate the pattern of change in Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) levels as window biomarkers to predict early onset of acute kidney injury before elevation of serum creatinine. Also, to study the specificity and sensitivity of the investigated markers and to declare the importance of their gene expression in the early prediction of AKI.