The potential protective role of pomegranate molasses against biochemical changes induced by doxorubicin in male rats

Abstract

One of the most effective chemotherapy agents is doxorubicin (DOX). It is resuits in various side effects, including cardiotoxicity (both chronic and acute) and arrhythmias. In addition, doxorubicin has been found to cause hepatotoxicity acute and sub-acute levels. The formation of reactive oxygen species is a major mechanism via which doxorubicin causes damage. Pomegranate molasses is an antioxidant-rich agent have an ameliorating effect on damage resulting frome doxorubicin. Pomegranate molasses has four times the amount of antioxidants as pomegranate juice. Pomegranate molasses has four times the amount of antioxidants as pomegranate juice. Pomegranate molasses possesses antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic properties, among others. Based on thes facts, the goal of the study was to employ pomegranate molasses as an antioxidant to minimise doxorubicin toxicity. 20 Male rats were randomly divided into four groups namely the control group, the pomegranate molasses group, the doxorubicin group, and the combination group. Dox was given 20 ml/kg as a single injection into the peritoneum, while PM was given 5ml PM + 5ml distaled water orally once daily for two weeks At the end of experiment rats were sacrificed. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture and centrifuged for the separation of plasma. Liver and heart were immediately removed, washed using chilled saline solution (0.9%), and the adhering fat and connective tissues was removed. The liver and heart were minced and homogenized (10%, w/v), separately, in ice-cold sucrose buffer (0.25 M) in a Potter–Elvehjem type homogenizer. The homogenates were centrifuged at 10,000 xg for 20 min at 4 C, to pellet the cell debris and the supernatant was collected and stored at −80 °C for the determination of tested parameters. Two animals from each group were sedated and slaughtered, and blood, liver, and heart were collected to assess the quantity of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and to measure the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide desmutizase (SOD)). Reduced Glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the liver and heart were all determined. In addition, the levels of liver enzymes in the plasma and liver were measured. The liver and heart histopathology sectors were also formed. Stored plasma samples were analyzed for total lipids, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TAG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c).