Correlation between Vitamin D Deficiency and First Trimester Miscarriage at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital

Abstract

Miscarriage is the most common adverse outcome of pregnancy, with a reported prevalence of 12–20%. Miscarriage is multifactorial of origin, with acquired or environmental factors probably exceeding genetic factors in its causation. Identifying modifiable risk factors for miscarriage is potentially important for public health. Vitamin D status during pregnancy has been drawing great attention. Today, vitamin D is thought to have multiple functions beyond its role(s) in bone health (due to maintaining calcium homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization Recently, vitamin D nuclear receptors (VDR) have been identified in numerous tissues including organs involved in the reproduction and infant growth such as the ovary, testis, placenta and mammary gland There is some evidence suggesting that it modulates human reproductive processes. In addition, it has significant roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation and modulating innate and adaptive immune responses.