A Histological Study on the Effect of Dextrose Prolotherapy on Skeletal Muscle Injury In Adult Male Albino Rats

Abstract

Skeletal muscle injuries represent one of the most common injuries in sport medicine, their frequency varies from 10% to 55% of all injuries. Treatment of muscle injuries includes conservative treatments as RICE (rest, ice, compression and elevation), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as NSAIDs and physical therapy. However, new agents have been proposed for clinical use in muscular injuries as prolotherapy or proliferative therapy. There are many types of prolotherapy as dextrose, platelet rich plasma (PRP) and stem cells prolotherapy. The most common used agent in prolotherapy is hypertonic dextrose solutions which are often mixed with local anesthetic. Hypertonic dextrose solutions acts by dehydrating cells at the injection site to produce local tissue trauma which causes temporary inflammatory response by attracting inflammatory cells and macrophages to the injured site. Also, they release many growth factors as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), interleukin -1 beta (Il-1 beta), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin growth factor (IGF) that aid in healing process.