Effect of Nursing Guideline for Reducing Passive Smoking Hazards on Pregnancy Outcome

Abstract

Tobacco use not only increase the risk of lung and other cancer, cardiovascular of respiratory disease for smokers. It raises these risks for non- smokers as well through exposure to second hand smoke. Many studies published in (2008 and WHO 3) found that infant of women exposed to SHS during pregnancy were on average between 33g– 40g lighter than infant whose mother were not exposed, babies born to mother exposed to SHS during pregnancy were further found to be at between 20 – 30 % increase risk of born at low birth weight (less 2500g). Maternal exposure form smoking in pregnancy is frequently reported to be associated with a wide range of adverse health outcome, causing substantial harm to mother & infants through increase risk of spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes miscarriage, still birth, prematurity, perinatal morbidity and mortalit, neonatal or sudden infants death, intra-uterine growth retardation (Ward, 2008 and lanska, 2004)