A study on olive seeds powder and its nano- particles on arterial endothelial dysfunction in rats fed on high fat high fructose diet.

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction (ED)is defined as the inability of the endothelium to maintain vascular homeostasis, that is consider a systemic pathological state that alters endothelial cell phenotype, characterized by a shifting in the normal functions of the endothelium by reducing vasodilation, with increasing proinflammatory and prothrombic state. Endothelial dysfunction is considered one of the initial stages in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD, therefore, reversing it is considered as an attractive target for the prevention of CVD. There is an increasing evidence that high fat-high fructose diet (HFHF) consumption causes dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and endothelial dysfunction. All these factors are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. High fructose consumption is also reported to induce oxidative and nitrative stress in vascular tissues and that oxidative/nitrative stress seems to play a major role in endothelial dysfunction. Indeed, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause an increase in production of powerful oxidant peroxynitrite that induces eNOS inactivation and a decrease in bioavailability of NO. The present study was conducted to investigate ameliorative effect of olive seeds powder either in native or nano form against ED induced by HFHF diet in rats. To achieve this goal this study was divided into 2 phases: Phase (1) include chemical composition analysis of olive seeds powder, Preparation of nano olive seeds by ball milling technique and XRD was done for the native olive seed powder: -

i. Chemical composition analysis of olive seeds powder sample The results revealed that each 100 g of olive seeds powder contains 0.5 g moisture, 28.68 g protein, 14.52 g carbohydrate, fat content was 17.42 g