Modern Techniques and Methods for the Removal and Assessment of Some Environmental and Industrial Pollutants

Abstract

The thesis is divided into five chapters: Chapter I: It contains a breif introduction regarding wastewater treatment, technologies available for contaminant removal using adsorption technique. Classification of adsorbents, Controlling adsorbent performance and mechanisms of adsorption were also discussed in details. Chapter II: It involves removal of Hg(II) from the aqueous solution using sulfur doped ZnO nano particles (ZnO:S). The effect of various parameters such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial adsorbate concentration has been studied and optimized. The optimized parameters for metal ion are pH value of 2.4, the equilibrium time was attained after 30 min, and the maximum removal percentage was achieved at an adsorbent loading weight of 0.08 g. It was found that the adsorption capacity of ZnO:S increased with increase in the initial mercury concentration. The equilibrium and kinetic data were found to be in good agreement with Freundlich isotherm model. Chapter III: It presents the adsorption ability of Salvadora persica (Miswak) root powder and tested as a green biosorbent for the removal of barium and strontium from wastewater and radioactive wastes. The structure of the powder SP(M) and its chemical properties were characterized and evaluated by FTIR spectrometry and SEM morphology. The adsorption efficiency has been investigated as a function of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ions concentration. The experimental data were analyzed using equilibrium isotherm, and kinetic models. The isotherm data agreed fairly well with