Association of Glycosylated Hemoglobin levels with Insulin Resistance in adolescent among medical students Ain Shams University

Abstract

Obesity is now a universal problem affecting people of all ages, incomes and regions. Children and adolescent overweight and obesity can be associated to a large list of negative health and social consequences, including increased risk of conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertension, which were previously seen mainly in adults, are becoming more common among adolescents as the prevalence of obesity increases. Insulin resistance is a condition wherein elevated insulin levels are required in order to maintain normal blood sugar and normal biological responses. Both genetic and environmental aetiological factors have been known to play a role in the development of insulin resistance. The pathogenesis of obesity-associated insulin resistance, involves increased free fatty acids and several hormones released by adipose tissue. Lipid accumulation in muscle and visceral compartment aggravates the insulin resistance and thus triggers the metabolic syndrome. HbA1c is an important and useful biomarker for detecting impaired glucose tolerance and for diabetes treatment (used as marker of glycaemic control)