Assessment and characterization of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. (O: Blattodea) extracts as source of antimicrobial and anti-tumor agents

Abstract

The antagonistic activity of isolated gut bacteria from the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. (collected from three different environmental sites) were tested against some multi drug resistant (MDR) human pathogens. The selected MDR human pathogens were (Streptococcus mutans, MRSA); as Gram-positive bacteria, (Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella enterica); as Gram-negative bacteria, human pathogenic yeast and fungi manipulated during this study were (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium italicum). The isolated gut bacteria from the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. were identified by using Vitek (MALDI-TOF MS), and their antagonistic activities against the selected MDR human pathogens were tested by using agar well diffusion method, The mode of action of antagonistic activity was studied on the most affected bacteria and fungi by transmission electron microscopy. The whole-body extracts of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. were prepared using two different solvents;(ethanol 95% and cyclohexane). Identification and characterization of the biologically active compounds present in these extracts were performed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; (LC-MS), the antimicrobial activities of the two different extracts were tested against the selected MDR human pathogens. The most active antimicrobial extract;(cyclohexane extract)