Non invasive positive pressure ventilation or standard Oxygen therapy as initial treatment of Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema in ICU patients

Abstract

Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) through venturi mask has been widely used especially in North America, Europe and Australasia to alleviate signs and symptoms of respiratory distress due to cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) is ventilatory support that is given without establishing endotracheal intubation. CPAP avoid complication of endotracheal tube and invasive mechanical ventilation, preserving the patient’s ability to speak, eat, and cough reflex, reduces the need for sedation, potential airway trauma, and the risk of ventilator associated pneumonia. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is a common medical emergency and a common cause of acute respiratory distress among patients presenting to intensive care units and associated with high mortality especially when associated with acute myocardial infarction. This study aims at determining whether Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) of immediate benefit in adults with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema compared to standard oxygen therapy through face mask and whether there are important differences in outcome associated with this method of treatment regarding hospital mortality, rate of endotracheal intubation and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay.